(旧版)科学的根拠に基づく急性胆管炎・胆嚢炎の診療ガイドライン
第IX章 急性胆嚢炎 -診断基準と重症度判定-
引用文献
1) | Eskelinen M, Ikonen J, Lipponen P. Diagnostic approaches in acute cholecystitis; a prospective study of 1333 patients with acute abdominal pain. Theor Surg 1993; 8: 15-20.(診断レベル2b) |
2) | Brewer BJ, Golden GT, Hitch DC, Rudolf LE, Wangensteen SL. Abdominal pain. An analysis of 1,000 consecutive cases in a university hospital emergency room. Am J Surg 1976; 131: 219-23.(診断レベル2b) |
3) | Schofied PF, Hulton NR, Baildam AD. Is it acute cholecystitis? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1986; 68: 14-6.(診断レベル2b) |
4) | Staniland JR, Ditchburn J, De Dombal FT. Clinical presentation of acute abdomen: study of 600 patients. Br Med J 1972; 3: 393-8.(診断レベル4) |
5) | Halasz NA. Counterfeit cholecystitis, a common diagnostic dilemma. Am J Surg 1975; 130: 189-93.(診断レベル3b) |
6) | Johnson H Jr, Cooper B. The value of HIDA scans in the initial evaluation of patients for cholecystitis. J Natl Med Assoc 1995; 87: 27-32.(診断レベル2b) |
7) | Singer AJ, McCracken G, Henry MC, Thode HC Jr, Cabahug CJ. Correlation among clinical, laboratory, and hepatobiliary scanning findings in patients with suspected acute cholecystitis. Ann Emerg Med 1996;28:267-72.(診断レベル2b) |
8) | Adedeji OA, McAdam WA. Murphy's sign, acute cholecystitis and elderly people. J R Coll Surg Edinb 1996; 41: 88-9.(診断レベル4) |
9) | Trowbridge RL, Rutkowski NK, Shojania KG. Does this patient have acute cholecystitis?. JAMA 2003; 289: 80-6.(診断レベル3b) |
10) | Murphy JB. The diagnosis of gall-stones. Med News 1903; 82: 825-33. |
11) | Telfer S, Fenyo G, Holt PR, de Dombal FT. Acute abdominal pain in patients over 50 years of age. Scand J Gastroenterol 1988; 144: S47-S50.(診断レベル4) |
12) | Juvonen T, Kiviniemi H, Niemela O, Kairaluoma MI. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography and C reactive protein concentration in acute cholecystitis: a prospective clinical study. Eur J Surg 1992; 158: 365-9.(診断レベル1b) |
13) | Parker LJ, Vukov LF, Wollan PC. Emergency department evaluation of geriatric patients with acute cholecystitis. Acad Emerg Med 1997; 4: 51-5.(診断レベル4) |
14) | Thompson JE Jr, Bennion RS, Doty JE, Muller EL, Pitt HA. Predictive factors for bactibilia in acute cholecystitis. Arch Surg 1990; 125: 261-4.(診断レベル4) |
15) | Merriam LT, Kanaan SA, Dawes JG, Angelos P, Prystowsky JB, Rege RV, et al. Gangrenous cholecystitis: analysis of risk factors and experience with laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Surgery 1999; 126: 680-5.(診断レベル4) |
16) | Gruber PJ, Silverman RA, Gottesfeld S, Flaster E. Presence of fever and leukocytosis in acute cholecystitis. Ann Emerg Med 1996; 28: 273-7.(診断レベル4) |
17) | Ballantyne GH. Low serum iron concentration in acute cholecystitis. A discriminator of severity of infection. Am Surgeon 1983; 49: 571-5.(診断レベル4) |
18) | Shapiro MJ, Luchtefeld WB, Kurzweil S, Kaminski D, Durham RM, Mazuski JE. Acute acalculous cholecystitis in the critically ill. Am Surgeon 1994; 60: 335-9.(診断レベル4) |
19) | Hammarstrom LE, Ranstam J. Factors predictive of bile duct stones in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis. Dig Surg 1998; 15: 323-7.(診断レベル4) |
20) | Abboud PA, Malet PF, Berlin JA, Staroscik R, CabanaMD, Clarke JR, et al. Predictors of common bile duct stones prior to cholecystectomy: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest Endosc 1996; 44: 450-5.(診断レベル1a) |
21) | Albert MB, Steinberg WM, Henry JP. Elevated serum levels of tumor marker CA19-9 in acute cholangitis. Dig Dis Sci 1988; 33: 1223-5.(診断レベル4) |
22) | Hill AG, Collins JP. Acute acalculous cholecystitis. Aust NZ J Surg 1994; 64; 251-3.(診断レベル4) |
23) | Raine PAM, Gunn AA. Acute cholecystitis. Br J Surg 1975; 62: 697-700.(診断レベル4) |
24) | Norrby S, Heuman R, Sjodahl R. Acute cholecystitis. Frequency of stones in the common duct and predictive value of liver function tests. Ann Chir Gynaecol 1985; 74: 9-12.(診断レベル4) |
25) | Lindenauer SM, Child CG. Disturbances of liver function in biliary tract disease. Surg Gyn Obst 1966; 123: 1205-11.(診断レベル4) |
26) | Kanazawa A, Kinoshita H, Hirohashi K, Kubo S, Tsukamoto T, Hamba H, et al. Concentrations of bile and serum endotoxin and serum cytokines after biliary drainage for acute cholangitis. Osaka City Med J 1997; 43: 15-27.(診断レベル4) |
27) | Kim CK, Tse KK, Juweid M, Mozley PD, Woda A, Alavi A. Cholescintigraphy in the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis: morphine augmentation is superior to delayed imaging. J Nucl Med 1993; 34: 1866-70.(診断レベル4) |
28) | Park MS, Yu JS, Kim YH, Kim MJ, Kim JH, Lee S, et al. Acute cholecystitis: comparison of MR cholangiography and US. Radiology 1998; 209: 781-5.(診断レベル1b) |
29) | Shea JA, Berlin JA, Escarce JJ, Clarke JR, Kinosian BP, Cabana MD, et al. Revised estimates of diagnostic test sensitivity and specificity in suspected biliary tract disease. Arch Intern Med 1994; 154: 2573-81.(診断レベル1b) |
30) | Rosen CL, Brown DF, Chang Y, Moore C, Averill NJ, Arkoff LJ, et al. Ultrasonography by emergency physicians in patients with suspected cholecystitis. Am J Emerg Med 2001; 19: 32-6.(診断レベル1b) |
31) | Kendall JL, Shimp RJ. Performance and interpretation of focused right upper quadrant ultrasound by emergency physicians. J Emerg Med 2001; 21: 7-13.(診断レベル1b) |
32) | Soyer P, Brouland JP, Boudiaf M, Kardache M, Pelage JP, Panis Y, et al. Color velocity imaging and power Doppler sonography of the gallbladder wall: a new look at sonographic diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Am J Roentgenol 1998; 171: 183-8.(診断レベル3b) |
33) | Ralls PW, Colletti PM, Lapin SA, Chandrasoma P, Boswell WD Jr, Ngo C, et al. Real-time sonography in suspected acute cholecystitis. Prospective evaluation of primary and secondary signs. Radiology 1985; 155: 767-71.(診断レベル4) |
34) | Martinez A, Bona X, Velasco M, Martin J. Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in acute cholecystitis. Gastrointest Radiol 1986; 11: 334-8.(診断レベル4) |
35) | Ralls PW, Halls J, Lapin SA, Quinn MF, Morris UL, Boswell W. Prospective evaluation of the sonographic Murphy sign in suspected acute cholecystitis. J Clin Ultrasound 1982; 10: 113-5.(診断レベル4) |
36) | Bree RL. Further observations on the usefulness of the sonographic Murphy sign in the evaluation of suspected acute cholecystitis. J Clin Ultrasound 1995; 23: 169-72.(診断レベル4) |
37) | Cohan RH, Mahony BS, Bowie JD, Cooper C, Baker ME, Illescas FF. Striated intramural gallbladder lucencies on US studies: predictors of acute cholecystitis. Radiology 1987; 164: 31-5.(診断レベル4) |
38) | Tessler FN, Tublin ME. Blood flow in healthy gallbladder walls on color and power Doppler sonography: effect of wall thickness and gallbladder volume. Am J Roentgenol 1999; 173: 1247-9.(診断レベル4) |
39) | Jeffrey RB Jr, Nino-Murcia M, Ralls PW, Jain KA, Davidson HC. Color Doppler sonography of the cystic artery:comparison of normal controls and patients with acute cholecystitis.J Ultrasound Med 1995;14:33-36.(診断レベル4) |
40) | 内田豊彦,高田忠敬,安田秀喜,天野穂高,吉田雅博,井坂太洋,他.急性胆嚢炎の手術時期に対する検討 早期手術の適応 最近の画像診断を中心に.日腹部救急医会誌 1998; 18: 251-5.(診断レベル4) |
41) | 木村克巳,藤田直孝,野田 裕,小林 剛,渡邊浩光,望月福治.急性胆嚢炎の超音波診断.腹部画像診断 1994; 18: 251-5.(診断レベル4) |
42) | Jeffrey RB, Laing FC, Wong W, Callen PW. Gangrenous cholecystitis: diagnosis by ultrasound. Radiology 1983; 148: 219-21.(診断レベル4) |
43) | Forsberg L, Andersson R, Hederstrom E, Tranberg KG. Ultrasonography and gallbladder perforation in acute cholecystitis. Acta Radiol 1988; 29: 203-5. |
44) | Sood BP, Kalra N, Gupta S, Sidhu R, Gulati M, Khandelwal N, et al. Role of sonography in the diagnosis of gallbladder perforation. J Clin Ultrasound 2002; 30: 270-4.(診断レベル4) |
45) | Harvey RT, Miller WTJr. Acute biliary disease: initial CT and follow-up US versus initial US and follow-up CT. Radiology 1999; 213: 831-6.(診断レベル3b) |
46) | Mirvis SE, Vainright JR, Nelson AW, Johnston GS, Shorr R, Rodriguez A, et al. The diagnosis of acute acalculous cholecystitis: a comparison of sonography, scintigraphy, and CT. Am J Roentgenol 1986; 147: 1171-5.(診断レベル3b) |
47) | Terrier F, Becker CD, Stoller C, Triller JK. Computed tomography in complicated cholecystitis. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1984; 8: 58-62.(診断レベル3b) |
48) | Kim PN, Lee KS, Kim IY, Bae WK, Lee BH. Gallbladder perforation: comparison of US findings with CT. Abdom Imaging 1994; 19: 239-42.(診断レベル4) |
49) | Fidler J, Paulson EK, Layfield L. CT evaluation of acute cholecystitis: findings and usefulness in diagnosis. Am J Roentgenol 1996; 166: 1085-8.(診断レベル3b) |
50) | Bennett GL, Rusinek H, Lisi V, Israel GM, Krinsky GA, Slywotzky CM, et al. CT findings in acute gangrenous cholecystitis. Am J Roentgenol 2002; 178: 275-81.(診断レベル4) |
51) | Hakansson K, Leander P, Ekberg O, Hakansson HO. MR imaging in clinically suspected acute cholecystitis. A comparison with ultrasonography. Acta Radiol 2000; 41: 322-8.(診断レベル2b) |
52) | Regan F, Schaefer DC, Smith DP, Petronis JD, Bohlman ME, et al. The diagnostic utility of HASTE MRI in the evaluation of acute cholecystitis. half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo SE. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1998; 22: 638-42.(診断レベル4) |
53) | Adam A, Roddie ME. Acute cholecystitis: radiological management. Baillieres Clin Gastroenterol 1991; 5: 787-816.(診断レベル5) |
54) | Marton KI, Doubilet P. How to image the gallbladder in suspected cholecystitis. Ann Intern Med 1988; 109: 722-9.(診断レベル5) |
55) | Rothrock SG, Gorrhuis H, Howard RM. Efficacy of plain abdominal radiography in patients with biliary tract disease. J Emerg Med 1990; 8: 271-5.(診断レベル3b) |
56) | Laokpessi A, Bouillet P, Sautereau D, Cessot F, Desport JC, Le Sidaner A, et al. Value of magnetic resonance cholangiography in the preoperative diagnosis of common bile duct stones. Am J Gastroenterol 2001; 96: 2354-9.(診断レベル1b) |
57) | Stockberger SM, Wass JL, Sherman S, Lehman GA, Kopecky KK. Intravenous cholangiography with helical CT: comparison with endoscopic retrograde cholangiography. Radiology 1994; 192: 675-80.(診断レベル2b) |
58) | Tamada K, Seki H, Sato K, Kano T, Sugiyama S, Ichiyama M, et al. Efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholecystoendoprosthesis (ERCCE) for cholecystitis. Endoscopy 1991; 23: 2-3.(治療レベル4) |
59) | Sugiyama M, Tokuhara M, Atomi Y. Is percutaneous cholecystostomy the optimal treatment for acute cholecystitis in the very elderly?. World J Surg 1998; 22: 459-63.(治療レベル4) |
60) | Verbanck JJ, Demol JW, Ghillebert GL, Rutgeerts LJ, Surmont IP. Ultrasound-guided puncture of the gallbladder for acute cholecystitis. Lancet 1993; 341: 1132-3.(診断レベル4) |
61) | Thorboll J, Vilmann P, Jacobsen B, Hassan H. Endoscopic ultrasonography in detection of cholelithiasis in patients with biliary pain and negative transabdominal ultrasonography. Scand J Gastroenterol 2004; 39: 267-9.(診断レベル4) |
62) | Liu CL, Lo CM, Chan JK, Poon RT, Fan ST. EUS for detection of occult cholelithiasis in patients with idiopathic pancreatitis. Gastrointest Endosc 2000; 51: 28-32.(診断レベル4) |
63) | Hirooka Y, Naitoh Y, Goto H, Ito A, Hayakawa S, Watanabe Y, et al. Contrast-enhanced endoscopic ultrasonography in gallbladder diseases. Gastrointest Endosc 1998; 48: 406-10.(診断レベル4) |
64) | Mauro MA, McCartney WH, Melmed JR. Hepatobiliary scanning with 99mTc-PIPIDA in acute cholecystitis. Radiology 1982; 142: 193-7.(診断レベル4) |
65) | FlancbaumL,AldenSM.Morphinecholescintigraphy.SurgGynecolObstet1990;171:227-32.(診断レベル4) |
66) | Bushnell DL, Perlman SB, Wilson MA, Polcyn RE. The rim sign: association with acute cholecystitis. J Nucl Med 1986; 27: 353-6.(診断レベル4) |
67) | Choy D, Shi EC, McLean RG, Hoschl R, Murray IP, Ham JM. Cholescintigraphy in acute cholecystitis: use of intravenous morphine. Radiology 1984; 151: 203-7.(診断レベル4) |
68) | Eubanks B, Martinez CR, Mehigan D, Cameron JL. Current role of intravenous cholangiography. Am J Surg 1982; 143: 731-3.(診断レベル4) |
69) | Castoldi TA. Cholecystitis current concepts in diagnosis and treatment. J Am Osteopathic Assoc 1990; 70: 101-7.(診断レベル5) |
70) | 森 俊幸,刈間理介,黒田 徹.胆石症・胆嚢炎・胆管炎.治療 1995; 77: 1924-33.(診断レベル5) |
71) | 寺井親則.鑑別診断のための画像診断 急性胆嚢炎を疑う.Medicina 2003; 40: 701-3.(診断レベル5) |
72) | Mauro MA, McCartney WH, Melmed JR. Hepatobiliary scanning with 99mTc-PIPIDA in acute cholecystitis. Radiology 1982; 142: 193-7.(診断レベル4) |
73) | 渡 雅文,六倉俊哉,明石恒浩.急性胆嚢炎除外のための緊急肝胆道シンチグラフィの有用性 43症例の検討.Chigasaki Med 1995; 6: 28-33.(診断レベル4) |
74) | 大河原明美,猪口貞樹,池田正見.腹部救急疾患のPrimary Care救急外来における腹痛患者.腹部救急診療の進歩 1990; 10: 949-53.(診断レベル4) |
75) | Thorbjarnarson B. Carcinoma of the gallbladder and acute cholecystitis. Ann Surg 1960; 151: 241-4.(診断レベル4) |
76) | Piehler JM, Crichlow RW. Primary carcinoma of the gallbladder. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1978; 147: 929-42.(診断レベル4) |
77) | Chao TC, Jeng LB, Jan YY, Hwang TL, Wang CS, Chen MF. Concurrent primary carcinoma of the gallbladder and acute cholecystitis. Hepatogastroenterology 1998; 45: 921-6.(診断レベル4) |
78) | 岡田孝弘,小森山広幸,井原 朗.急性胆嚢炎所見を呈した胆嚢癌症例の検討.腹部救急診療の進歩 1991; 11: 877-82.(診断レベル4) |
79) | 宇野武治,内村正幸,脇 慎治,木田栄郎,神田和弘,水町信行,他.急性胆嚢炎を併発した胆嚢癌の検討.日消外会誌 1983; 16: 2013-7.(診断レベル4) |
80) | 近藤真治,蜂須賀喜多男,山口晃弘,磯谷正敏,久世真悟,真弓俊孝,他.急性胆嚢炎で発症した胆嚢癌.腹部救急診療の進歩 1990; 10: 47-51.(診断レベル4) |
81) | 木村克巳,藤田直孝,野田 裕,他.急性胆嚢炎を伴った胆嚢癌に関する検討.日消病会誌 1993; 90: 1489-96.(診断レベル4) |
82) | 窪田公一,熊沢健一,大石俊典,細川俊孝,浅海良昭,塩沢俊一,他.急性胆嚢炎を合併した胆嚢癌症例の検討.日臨外会誌 1995; 56: 1662-6.(診断レベル4) |
83) | 酒井浩徳,名和田新.Fitz-Hugh-Curtis症候群.日本臨床別冊 肝・胆道系症候群肝臓編 1995; (8): 430-3.(診断レベル4) |
84) | Gatt D, Heafield T, Jantet G. Curtis-Fitz-Hugh syndrome: the new mimicking disease? Ann R Coll Surg Engl 1986; 68: 271-4.(診断レベル4) |
85) | Inoue T, Mishima Y. Postoperative acute cholecystitis: acollective review of 494 cases in Japan. Jap J Surg 1988; 18: 35-42.(診断レベル4) |
86) | 笠原 洋,中尾稀一,園部鳴海.術後急性胆嚢炎-本邦182例(自験例7例を含む)についての考察.近大医誌 1984; 9: 35-51.(診断レベル4) |
87) | Devine RM, Farnell MB, Mucha PJr. Acute cholecystitis as a complication in surgical patients. Arch Surg 1984; 119: 1389-93.(診断レベル4) |
88) | Lorenz RW, Steffen HM. Emphysematous cholecystitis: diagnostic problems and differential diagnosis of gallbladder gas accumulations. Hepatogastroenterology 1990; 37 Suppl 2: 103-6.(診断レベル4) |
89) | Bronen RA, Glick S, Teplick S. Meckel's Diverticulum Axial Volvulus Mimicking Emphysematous Cholecystitis. Am J Gastroenterol 1984; 79: 183-5.(診断レベル4) |
90) | 須藤幸一,木村 理.胆道感染症.日本臨牀 2002; 60 Suppl 1: 284-8.(診断レベル4) |
91) | Liu KJ, Richter HM, Cho MJ, Jarad J, Nadimpalli V, Donahue PE. Carcinoma involving the gallbladder in elderly patients presenting with acute cholecystitis. Surgery 1997; 122: 748-54.(診断レベル4) |
92) | 佐藤 攻,清水武昭,内田克之.急性胆嚢炎を合併した胆嚢癌の臨床的検討.日腹部救急医会誌 1993; 13: 861-6.(診断レベル4) |
93) | Li D, Dong BW, Wu YL, Yan K. Image-directed and color Doppler studies of gallbladder tumors. J Clin Ultrasound 1994; 22: 551-5.(診断レベル4) |
94) | 有村文男.超音波内視鏡による胆嚢壁肥厚性病変の診断 多変量解析による.Gastroenterol Endosc 1998; 40: 3-11.(診断レベル4) |
95) | 中沢三郎,乾 和郎,内藤靖夫.超音波誘導下胆嚢穿刺法と応用.胆と膵 1986; 7: 1271-9.(診断レベル4) |
96) | 土屋幸治,大藤正雄,仲野敏彦,常富重幸,品川 孝,木村邦夫,他.胆嚢癌における胆嚢穿刺 診断の意義; 細胞診およびX線造影について.腹部画像診断 1982; 2: 49-58.(診断レベル4) |
97) | 内村正幸,脇 慎治,木田栄郎,神田和弘,水町信行,山田 護,他.経皮経肝的胆嚢ドレナージ.胆と膵 1983; 4: 19-26.(診断レベル4) |
98) | 古川正人,伊藤新一郎,中田俊則,山田隆平,酒井 敦,前田 滋,他.胆道系悪性腫瘍診断における胆汁中CEA測定の意義.日消病会誌 1984; 81: 2561-7.(診断レベル4) |
99) | Ingwang R, Belsham P, Scott H, Barker S, Bearn P. Torsion of the gall-bladder: rare, unrecognized or under-reported?. Aust NZ J Surg 1991; 61: 717-9.(診断レベル4) |
100) | 須崎 真,池田 剛,酒井秀精.胆嚢捻転症の1例 本邦236例の検討.胆と膵 1994; 15: 389-93.(診断レベル4) |
101) | 福原稔之,三好明文,山下広高,本田和男,小林展章,杉田敦郎.急速に進行した急性壊疽性無石胆嚢炎の1例.日消病会誌 2005; 102: 473-8.(診断レベル5) |
102) | Pelosi MA 3rd, Pelosi MA, Villalona E. Right-sided colonic diverticulitis mimicking acute cholecystitis in pregnancy: case report and laparoscopic treatment. Surg Laparosc Endosc 1999; 9: 63-7.(診断レベル4) |
103) | Williams NF, Scobie TK. Perforation of the gallbladder: analysis of 19 cases. Can Med Assoc J 1976; 115: 1223-5.(診断レベル4) |
104) | Ong CL, Wong TH, Rauff A. Acute gall bladder perforation―a dilemma in early diagnosis. Gut 1991; 32: 956-8.(診断レベル4) |
105) | Madrazo BL, Francis I, Hricak H, Sandler MA, Hudak S, Gitschlag K. Sonographic findings in perforation of the gallbladder. Am J Roentgenol 1982; 139: 491-6.(診断レベル4) |
106) | Shih SC, Chu C, Jeng K, Kao CR, Lin SC, Chen BF. Correlation of toxic signs, ultrasonographic findings and pathological changes in cholecystitis. Chi Med J 1996; 58: 259-63.(診断レベル4) |
107) | 安部井誠人.胆嚢炎,胆管炎の診断と初期治療.治療 2000; 82: 2531-5.(診断レベル5) |
108) | 高田忠敬,安田秀喜,内山勝弘,長谷川浩,土屋繁之,三須雄二,他.急性胆嚢炎の手術時期に関する検討.臨床所見,超音波所見からみた早期手術の決定因子.日臨外会誌 1987; 48: 621-6.(診断レベル4) |
109) | 内山勝弘,高田忠敬,安田秀喜,長谷川浩,土屋繁之,三須雄二,他.超音波分類からみた急性胆嚢炎治療法の選択に関する検討.胆道 1992; 6: 115-22.(診断レベル4) |
110) | Shpitz B, Sigal MA, Dinbar KA. Acute cholecystitis in diabetic patients. Am Surg 1995; 61: 964-7.(診断レベル4) |
111) | 伊藤 啓,藤田直孝,野田 裕,小林 剛,木村克巳,片倉芳樹,他.急性胆嚢炎におけるMRCPの意義.日消病会誌 2000; 97: 1472-9.(診断レベル4) |
112) | Schein M. Partial cholecystectomy in the emergency treatment of acute cholecystitis in the compromised patient. J? Coll Surg Edinb 1991; 36: 295-7.(診断レベル4) |